how to deal with true, false, not given in ielts

[Daruma2020]

What do 'True' and 'False' mean?​

A True statement is one that accurately reflects the information in the passage and seems to cause little confusion. However, there is some discussion over what 'False' means, with many people stating that a false statement is 'the opposite' of the information in the passage, but this idea is misleading. Very often, these statements are simply factually incorrect. For example, the passage may state that something occurred at a certain date or in a certain place, while the statement in the question gives the wrong date, place, or event. Thus, it is more accurate to say that 'False' means incorrect, or untrue. Most importantly, we can correct a false statement, because the correct information appears in the passage.

The confusion about 'Not Given'​

The idea of 'Not Given' causes the most discussion and confusion, and there appears to be a common belief that it means searching through a passage for something that is not there. This is not true of the real test. If it was, the task would be frustrating and unfair, because you would waste time looking for something that does not exist. Some videos say, 'don't bother to look for Not Given answers, they're not there!', and 'if you can't find it, then it's not given'. If you follow this advice, when you do find the same key terms in both the passage and the question, you will wrongly conclude, 'I found something, so it can't be Not Given, it must be either True or False.'
Remember, these questions are in the same order as the information in the passage, and they are really asking: 'Does this mean xyz?' So, for these questions, you will always know which part of the passage you must read in detail, whether the answer is True, False, or Not given. Once you have found a key detail in the passage that matches a key detail in the question, this simply signals that you know where to read in detail - it does not give you your answer. This is where materials that do not reflect the real test hinder your progress. These materials train you to simply match vocabulary and to stop reading once you have found a key word or synonym; such materials discourage you from using the skills you must develop for the real test.
IELTS is fair, valid, and reliable, and the tasks clearly reflect the purpose of the test. To help explain the validity of True, False, Not given questions, and also demonstrate how they work, I will use another dissertation example. Let us imagine that I have a nephew who is studying engineering, and he has decided to write a dissertation about the effect that building design has on climate change. He would first do some research and find some good sources of information. Then, when writing his dissertation, he would need to refer to this source material to provide support for his claims.

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